Table 1. Summary of the NOAA/CMDL flask sampling sites
Site Cooperating Site Elevation Period of
code Site Country agencya type Latitude Longitude (m) record
ALT Alert, Northwest Territories Canada Environment Canada/AES barren coastal 82° 27´ N 62° 31´ W 210 1985-93
hill
AMS Amsterdam Island France Centre des Faibles island 37° 57´ S 77° 32´ E 150 1979-90
Radioactivités seashore
ASC Ascension Island U.K. USAF, Pan American island 7° 55´ S 14° 25´ W 54 1979-93
World Airways seashore
AVI St. Croix, Virgin Islands U.S. Fairleigh Dickinson island 17° 45´ N 64° 45´ W 3 1979-90
University seashore
AZR Azores (Terceira Is.) Portugal USAF/7th Weather Wing air base 38° 45´ N 27° 05´ W 30 1979-92
BAL Baltic Sea Poland MIR, Sea Fisheries ferry 55° 30´ N 16° 40´ E 7 1992-93
Institute
BME St. David s Head Bermuda Atmosphere/Ocean rocky 32° 22´ N 64° 39´ W 30 1989-93
Chemistry Experiment seashore
BMW Southampton Bermuda Bermuda Biological promontory 32° 16´ N 65° 53´ W 30 1989-93
Station seashore
BRW Point Barrow, Alaska U.S. CMDL baseline Arctic coastal 71° 19´ N 156° 36´ W 11 1971-93
observatory seashore
CBA Cold Bay, Alaska U.S. NOAA/National treeless 55° 12´ N 162° 43´ W 25 1978-93
Territory Weather Service peninsula
CGO Gape Grim, Tasmania Australia CSIRO/Division of promontory 40° 41´ S 144° 41´ E 94 1984-93
Atmospheric Research seashore
CHR Christmas Island Kiribati Scripps Institution of island 1° 42´ N 157° 19´ W 3 1984-93
Oceanography seashore
CMO Cape Meares, Oregon U.S. Oregon Graduate promontory 45° 29´ N 124° 00´ W 30 1982-93
Institute of Science & seashore
Technology
CRZ Crozet, Indian Ocean France Centre des Faibles island 46° 27´ S 51° 51´ E 120 1991-93
Radioactivités seashore
GMI Guam, Mariana Islands U.S. University of Guam island 13° 26´ N 144° 47´ E 2 1979-93
seashore
GOZ Dwejra Point, Gozo Malta Ministry of Environment promontory 36° 03´ N 14° 11´ E 30 1993
seashore
HBA Halley Bay AntarcticaBritish Antarctic barren 75° 40´ S 25° 30´ W 10 1983-93
Survey seashore
HUN Hegyhatsal Hungary Hungarian vegetated 46° 58´ N 16° 23´ E 240 1993
Meteorological Service plain
ICE Heimaey, Vestmannaeyjar Iceland Icelandic lighthouse 63° 15´ N 20° 09´ W 100 1992-93
Meteorological Service
ITN Grifton, North Carolina U.S. WITN Television television 35° 21´ N 77° 23´ W 505 1992-93
broadcast tower
IZO Tenerife, Canary Islands Spain Izaña a Observatory/ volcanic 28° 18´ N 16° 29´ W 2300 1991-93
Spanish National mountain
Meteorological Institute
KEY Key Biscayne, Florida U.S. NOAA/Atlantic coastal 24° 40´ N 80° 12´ W 3 1972-93
Oceanographic and island
Meteorological Lab. seashore
KUM Cape Kumukahi, Hawaii U.S. CMDL site island 19° 31´ N 154° 49´ W 3 1971-93
seashore
MBC Mould Bay, Northwest Canada Environment Canada/AES island 76° 14´ N 119° 20´ W 15 1980-93
Territories tundra
MHT Mace Head, County Galway Ireland University College, island 53° 26´ N 9° 44´ W 5 1991-93
Galway promontory
MID Sand Island, Midway U.S. U.S. Navy/ITT island 28° 13´ N 177° 22´ W 4 1985-93
seashore
MLO Mauna Loa, Hawaii U.S. CMDL baseline barren 19° 32´ N 155° 35´ W 3397 1969-93
observatory volcanic
mountain slope
NWR Niwot Ridge, Colorado U.S. University of alpine 40° 03´ N 105° 38´ W 3749 1968-93
Colorado/INSTAAR mountain
OPC Shipboard measurements Blue Star Line, ocean 1987-93
aboard the California Star Ltd.
PAC Shipboard measurements Blue Star Line, ocean 1987-93
aboard the Southland Ltd.
PAW Shipboard measurements Blue Star Line, ocean 1987-93
aboard the Wellington Star Ltd.
PSA Palmer Station (Anvers Is.) AntarcticaNational Science barren 64° 55´ S 64° 00´ W 10 1978-93
Foundation/Antarctic island
Support Associates seashore
QPC Qinghai Province Peoples Chinese Academy of semi-desert 36° 16´ N 100° 55´ E 3810 1991-93
Republic Meteorological Sciences
of China
RPB Ragged Point Barbados International Science island 13° 10´ N 59° 26´ W 3 1987-93
Consultants seashore
SEY Mah‚ Island SeychellesNew Mexico State Univ./ island 4° 40´ S 55° 10´ E 3 1980-93
Physical Science Lab. seashore
SGI South Georgia Island U.K. British Antarctic island 54° 00´ S 38° 03´ W 30 1989-92
SHM Shemya Island, Alaska U.S. USAF barren 52° 43´ N 174° 06´ E 40 1985-93
island
SMO American Samoa U.S. CMDL baseline island 14° 15´ S 170° 34´ W 30 1972-93
observatory rocky
promontory promontory
SPO Amundsen Scott (South Pole) AntarcticaCMDL baseline ice- and 89° 59´ S 24° 48´ W 2810 1975-93
observatory/National snow-covered
Science Foundation plateau
STC Ocean Station "C" U.S. NOAA/National open ocean 54° 00´ N 35° 00´ W 6 1968-73
Weather Service
STM Ocean Station "M" Norway Norway Meteorological open ocean 66° 00´ N 2° 00´ E 6 1981-93
Institute
SYO Syowa Station AntarcticaJapanese Antarctic barren 69° 00´ N 39° 35´ E 11 1986-93
Research Expedition/ island
National Institute for seashore
Polar Research
TAP Tae-ahn Peninsula South Korea National vegetated 36° 44´ N 126° 08´ E 20 1990-93
Korea University of Education peninsula
UTA Wendover, Utah U.S. NOAA/National desert 39° 54´ N 113° 43´ W 1320 1993
Weather Service
UUM Ulaan Uul Mongolia Mongolian Hydrometeor- desert 44° 27´ N 111° 06´ E 1914 1992-93
ological Service
aAES = Atmospheric Environment Service; CMDL = Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; CSIRO = Commonwealth Scientific
and Industrial Research Organisation; INSTAAR = Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research (University of Colorado); NOAA = National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; USAF = United States Air Force.