The data contained in this subdirectory comprise model output calculations submitted for the IPCC CO2 modelling study. Each different model is identified by a capital letter in the filename. The models are as follows [see also Enting et al. (1994), which is available in the subdirectory "report"]. Code Authors Institution A J.A. Taylor, J. Lloyd, and Australian National University G. Farquhar E I.G. Enting and K.R. Lassey Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia; National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand H M. Heimann, J. Kaduk, K. Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Kurz, and E. Maier-Reimer Hamburg J F. Joos and U. Siegenthaler University of Bern L D. Wuebbles and A. Jain Lawrence Livermore National Lab. M B. Moore and B.H. Braswell University of New Hampshire Q C. Le Quere, J.L. Sarmiento, Princeton University and S.W. Pacala R J. Alcamo and M. Krol RIVM (National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection), Bilthoven, Netherlands T L.D.D. Harvey University of Toronto W T.M.L. Wigley University Corporation for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado The file categories in this subdirectory are as follows, where "X" is the author code defined above: readme.res: This descriptive file, explaining sources and formats (including units) of results files. fossilX.dat: Fossil CO2 emissions data for the stabilization cases. Format (columns): time (years); annual CO2 fluxes in Pg or Gt of carbon (units are equivalent -- 1 Pg = 1 Gt = 1 X 10**15 g) for one or more of the following scenarios: S450 (all models), S650 (all models), S350 (all models except H, M), S550 (all models except H, M), S750 (all models except H, M), DS450 (all models except H, M), DS550 (all models except H, M), S450S1 (Model J only), S450S2 (Model J only). intfossilX.dat: Cumulative fossil CO2 emissions from 1990. Data are not available for models E and M. Format (columns): time (years); cumulative CO2 fluxes in Pg or Gt of carbon (units are equivalent -- 1 Pg = 1 Gt = 1 X 10**15 g) for one or more of the following scenarios: S450 (all models except E, M), S650 (all models except E, M), S350 (all models except E, H, M), S550 (all models except E, H, M), S750 (all models except E, H, M), DS450 (all models except E, H, M), DS550 (all models except E, H, M), S450S1 (Model J only), S450S2 (Model J only). co2isX.dat: CO2 concentration data for the IS92[a-f] scenarios. Data are not available for models E, H, M, and Q. Format (columns): time (years); CO2 concentration (ppmv) for one or more of the following scenarios: IS92a (all models except models E, H, M, Q), IS92b (models J, L, R, W), IS92c (models J, L, R, T, W), IS92d (models J, L, R, W), IS92e (models J, L, R, W), IS92f (models J, L, R, T, W), IS92a* (model J only), IS92a*1 (model J only), IS92a*2 (model J only). co2decX.dat: CO2 concentration data for the dec[0-2] scenarios. Data are available for models A, J, L, and W. Format (columns): time (years); CO2 concentration (ppmv) for one or more of the following scenarios: dec0 (models A, J, L, W), dec1 (models A, J, L, W), dec2 (models A, J, L, W), dec0* (model J only), dec1* (model J only), dec2* (model J only). ocnX.dat: Ocean CO2 fluxes (i.e., net uptake by the oceans) for the stabilization cases. Data are not available for models E and M. Format (columns): time (years); annual CO2 fluxes in Pg or Gt of carbon (units are equivalent -- 1 Pg = 1 Gt = 1 X 10**15 g) for one or more of the following scenarios: S450 (all models except E, M), S650 (all models except E, M), S350 (all models except E, H, M), S550 (all models except E, H, M), S750 (all models except E, H, M), DS450 (all models except E, H, M), DS550 (all models except E, H, M), S450S1 (Model J only), S450S2 (Model J only). ocnisX.dat: Ocean CO2 fluxes (i.e., net uptake by the oceans) for the IS92[a-f] scenarios. Data are not available for models E, H, L, M, and Q. Format (columns): time (years); annual CO2 fluxes in Pg or Gt of carbon (units are equivalent -- 1 Pg = 1 Gt = 1 X 10**15 g) for one or more of the following scenarios: IS92a (all models except models E, H, L, M, Q), IS92b (models J, R, W), IS92c (models J, R, T, W), IS92d (models J, R, W), IS92e (models J, R, W), IS92f (models J, R, T, W), IS92a* (model J only), IS92a*1 (model J only), IS92a*2 (model J only). ocndecX.dat: Ocean CO2 fluxes (i.e., net uptake by the oceans) for the dec[0-2] scenarios. Data are available for models A, J, and W. Format (columns): time (years); annual CO2 fluxes in Pg or Gt of carbon (units are equivalent -- 1 Pg = 1 Gt = 1 X 10**15 g) for one or more of the following scenarios: dec0 (models A, J, W), dec1 (models A, J, W), dec2 (models A, J, W), dec0* (model J only), dec1* (model J only), dec2* (model J only). ocnhistX.dat: Historical ocean CO2 fluxes (i.e., net uptake by the oceans) where these are not included in the other ocean flux files. Data are available for model L only. Format (columns): time (years); annual CO2 flux in Gt of carbon (1 Gt = 1 X 10**15 g). Summary of emissions scenarios used to direct modelling exercises: Stabilization scenarios: Case S350: stabilization of CO2 at 350 ppmv (concentration history provided in the file "stab.dat", found in the "inputs" subdirectory). Case S450: stabilization of CO2 at 450 ppmv (concentration history provided in the file "stab.dat", found in the "inputs" subdirectory). Case S550: stabilization of CO2 at 550 ppmv (concentration history provided in the file "stab.dat", found in the "inputs" subdirectory). Case S650: stabilization of CO2 at 650 ppmv (concentration history provided in the file "stab.dat", found in the "inputs" subdirectory). Case S750: stabilization of CO2 at 750 ppmv (concentration history provided in the file "stab.dat", found in the "inputs" subdirectory). Case DS450: stabilization of CO2 at 450 ppmv following an initial delay during which concentrations followed a higher pathway (concentration history provided in the file "stab.dat", found in the "inputs" subdirectory). Case DS550: stabilization of CO2 at 550 ppmv following an initial delay during which concentrations followed a higher pathway (concentration history provided in the file "stab.dat", found in the "inputs" subdirectory). Case S450S1: same as case S450 (i.e., stabilization of CO2 at 450 ppmv), with deforestation scaled by 0.6/1.6 and growth factors scaled. Case S450S2: same as case S450 (i.e., stabilization of CO2 at 450 ppmv), with deforestation scaled by 2.6/1.6 and growth factors scaled. IPCC 1992 scenarios [assumptions are detailed in IPCC (1992), Table 1]: IS92a: "business-as-usual" scenario. Basic assumptions are: (1) world population of 11.3 billion by 2100; (2) economic growth at 2.9% for 1990-2025, 2.3% for 1990-2100; (3) energy supplies of 12,000 EJ conventional oil, 13,000 EJ natural gas, solar costs decreasing to $0.075/kWh, 191 EJ biofuels available at $70/barrel; (4) internationally agreed controls on SOx, NOx, and non-CH4 volatile organic compound emissions; (5) partial compliance with Montreal Protocol, with gradual phase out of CFCs in non-signatory countries by 2075. IS92b-IS92f: alternative scenarios. IS92a*: same as IS92a except that CO2 flux from land use goes to zero in 2100 A.D. IS92a*1: same as IS92a except that deforestation is scaled by 0.6/1.6 and growth factors are changed. IS92a*2: same as IS92a except that deforestation is scaled by 2.6/1.6 and growth factors are changed. Scenarios with specified emissions reductions: Case DEC0%: Same as IS92a to 2000 A.D., then constant industrial emissions. Case DEC1%: Same as IS92a to 2000 A.D., then industrial emissions decrease at 1% per annum. Case DEC2%: Same as IS92a to 2000 A.D., then industrial emissions decrease at 2% per annum. Case DEC0*: Same as DEC0%, except that both industrial and land use emissions are constant after 2000 A.D., rather than just the industrial emissions as for DEC0%. Case DEC1*: Same as DEC1%, except that both industrial and land use emissions decrease by 1% per annum after 2000 A.D., rather than just the industrial emissions as for DEC1%. Case DEC2*: Same as DEC2%, except that both industrial and land use emissions decrease by 2% per annum after 2000 A.D., rather than just the industrial emissions as for DEC2%. The standard data format for output data files is as follows: Line 1: integers nrow1, nrow2, ncol. Line 2 to nrow1+1: comments and column headers. Line nrow1+2 to nrow1+nrow2+1: data records. Number of data fields (columns) in each data record = ncol.