WOCE Designation : I 6 Expedition Designation : MD 74 / CIVA 1 Chief scientist : Alain Poisson, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Marines, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, case 134 4, place Jussieu 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France Telephone: 33 1 4427 4869 Telefax: 33 1 4427 4993 Internet: apoisson@ccr.jussieu.fr Ship : R/V Marion Dufresne Ports of call : La Réunion (France) to Durban (Republic of South Africa) Cruise dates : January 23 to March 9, 1993 CRUISE SUMMARY Cruise track. The track of the cruise is shown in Figure 1. Type and number of Stations. Two types of stations were occupied: - Long stations : 3 CTD/rosette casts to get 36 water samplings from the surface to the bottom. - short stations : 2 CTD/rosette casts to get 24 water samplings from surface to 1600m, but with CTD down to the bottom.. 28 long stations and 21 short stations were occupied from 69°S to 44°S at 30°E. The other stations were adapted to the depth, especially near the antarctic continent. The location of the CTD stations are shown in Figure 2. 113 XBT probes, T6 and T7 type, were launched along the track of the cruise between the stations. Their locations are indicated in Figure 3 and in the summary Table 1. Sampling accomplished. Salinity, Temperature, Pressure and Oxygen concentration were measured using a CTD probe and Temperature also with XBT; The location in the water column of the measurement of these parameters all along the section is shown in Figure 4. Water bottle samples were collected, using a 12 bottle rosette with 12 litres Niskin/General Oceanic water sampling bottles; shipboard measurements of Salinity, Oxygen, Nutrients (Nitrate, Nitrites, Phosphate and Silicate), Total Inorganic Carbon, Total Alkalinity as well as the CFC-11 and CFC-12 concentrations were made on all the bottles collected. The locations in the water column of the bottle samplings of these parameters are shown in Figure 5a. Additional samples were collected for shore based laboratory measurements: Tritium, Helium-3, Carbon-14 (small samples), Oxygen-18, Carbon-13 and Barium. The locations in the water column of these samplings are respectively shown in figure 5b, c, d, and e. List of Principal Investigators. Names Responsability Affiliation Arnold M. Carbon 14 CFR/CEA/CNRS Dehairs F. Barium LVAS/VUB Fieux M. CTD, S, XBT, ADCP LODYC/UPMC/CNRS Jean-Baptiste P. Helium/Tritium LMCE/CEA Minster J.F. Nutrients GRGS/CNES Pierre C. Oxygen 18, Carbon 13 LODYC/UPMC/CNRS Poisson A. O2, CFCs, TCO2, LPCM/UPMC/CNRS pCO2, AT Scientific programme and methods. The aim of the CIVA programme was to study the circulation and the ventilation of the Antarctic ocean in the Indian sector, especially in the western zone of this sector. The principal objectives of this programme were to study : - the flux at the Atlantic/Indian ocean boundary - the zonal circulation in this region - the evolution of the Weddell Antarctic bottom water - the air-sea flux of CO2 in this region The Marion Dufresne being also a supply ship for the French Indian ocean subantarctic islands, she departed La Réunion for Kerguelen archipelago on January 23, and occupied the station Kerfix (WOCE station SRS1), 60 nautical miles south of Kerguelen, to test the CTD and the rosette. The CTD used was a Niel Brown Mark III instrument equipped with a dissolved oxygen sensor. The rosette, manufactured by General Oceanics, was equiped with 12 Niskin bottles of 12 litres manufactured by General Oceanics and a 10 kHz location pinger. The cable was a 8.6mm steel rope and the winch was built by Kley France. After each cast the rosette was secured on the deck and washed with fresh water, especially the sensors which were then covered with protective housings; samples were collected following the order recommended in the WOCE operations manual: CFC, Helium, Oxygen, TCO2+TA, Carbon- 14, Tritium, Carbon-13, Oxygen-18, Nutrients, Salinity, Barium. The temperature, pressure and conductivity sensors of the CTD were calibrated at IFREMER in Brest before and after the cruise. The conductivity and oxygen sensors were also calibrated using data collected during the cruise on the bottles taken at all the stations : Salinity was measured with a 8400 type Guildline salinometer in a constant temperature laboratory and Oxygen by an automatic potentiometric titration system (Metler DL21). Samples were collected from each Niskin bottle for shipboard measurements of nutrients (Nitrate, Nitrites, Silicate and Phosphate) with two automatic Technicon AAII analysers, Total Alkalinity and Total Inorganic Carbon with a semi-automated potentiometric titration system (Radiometer) and Total Inorganic carbon with a coulometer UIC Coulometrics 5011. Samples were also collected with pyrex 100ml syringes directly on all the Niskin bottles to measure CFC-11 and CFC-12 with a Shimadzu GC8A gas chromatograph in a portable laboratory located on the deck of the ship. All the samplings were performed on the deck. The methods of measurement are reported later in this report. Underway measurements: XBTs were launched between the stations every about 10 nm using a Sippican system. Acoustic Dopler Current Profiler measurements were made with a R.D. Instruments ADCP only on the way from Antarctica to Durban; It was the first time that this instrument was used on the R/V Marion Dufresne and some problems arose especially during the transits, due to the instrument itself and the roughness of the sea. Underway measurements of Temperature and Salinity were made by a Bisset-Berman thermosalinograph; Depth was recorded all along the track of the cruise on thermal paper using an EDO system. Fugacity of carbon dioxide was measured all along the track of the cruise with a Siemens IR analyser, together with fluorescence with a Turner fluorimeter and Oxygen with an Orbisphere Laboratory sensor. Major Problems encountered during the cruise. Several technical problems arose during the cruise and a sanitary evacuation imposed to go directly to Durban when the ship was at 54S. Twelve days were lost and the section expected to be occupied was not entirely completed. When the cast was at a depth greater than 4500/5000m the General Oceanics rosette presented a malfunctionning from time to time: either there was no back signal but the bottle closed, or there was a back signal but the bottle did not close, or there was a double-trigging of the bottles. Although the tension of the trigging lanyards was reduced this problem remained until the end of the cruise for the deep casts. We had problems with the pumps of the "autosal" salinometer, although this apparatus was new, especially when the sea was rough: it was difficult or at least very long to fill the cell with seawater. The instrument was disassembled and the cell was cleaned and the pumps were checked. Nevertheless the problem was not entirely resolved. We also had a problem with the winch, the wheel of which broke down; it was repaired but the cheeks were not exactly parallel and the wire could not be rewound well and the deep casts took a longer time than usually. List of cruise participants. The cruise participants are listed in Table 2. Measurement Techniques and Calibrations. - Salinity. (by M. Fieux and T. Huck) Salinities were measured with a Guildline Autosal Model 8400B Laboratory salinometer. It was calibrated for each set of measurements (about daily) with IAPSO Standard Seawater batch P-121. The cell was rinsed and filled with distilled water after each set of measurements. Before the standardisation, the cell was rinsed at least ten times with seawater from previous set of samples, then at least 3 times with Standard Seawater and 5 measurements were made on this Standard Seawater in order to calibrate the instrument. The cell was rinsed 3 times between each sample and 3 measurements were made; All the measurements were made between 24 and 48H after the samplings.The reported salinity data are the arithmetic means of the 3 measurements. The apparatus was located in a laboratory container, the temperature of which was stabilized at about 1°C below the temperature of the salinometer water bath. This was 18°C when the atmospheric temperature was low and 21°C when the outside temperature was greater than about 15°C. At each station at least 2 or 3 duplicate samples were collected; the differences of the two measurements are shown in Table 4. The samples were collected in IAPSO bottles which were stored in the same laboratory container at least 10 hours before the measurements. - Oxygen: (by B. Schauer) An automated potentiometric titration system ( Mettler DL21) was used to measure oxygen on the samples collected in all the Niskin bottles, according to the Winkler method revised by Carpenter (1969). Samples were collected in special pyrex flasks with a grounded stopper designed in such a way that approximately a volume equivalent to the one of the titrant to add was preserved for the titration. The flask was rinced three times with seawater and filled in order to overflow three times its volume. The concentration of the titrant (Na2S2O3,5H2O) was measured with a potassium iodate (KIO3) solution prepared by weight in a shore based laboratory before the cruise and stored in recycled standard seawater ampoules. Duplicate measurements were made on several samples; the differences are shown in Table 4. - Nutrients: (by J.F. Minster and J. Escalier) The measurements of nutrients were made using two automatic Technicon AAII analysers. Nitrates were reduced according to the Woods method (1967), adapted to the automatic systems by Grasshof (1983) and Tréguer and Le Corre (1974). Nitrites obtained are titrated with the colorimetric technique described by Benschreider and Robinson (1952). The cadnium column was a U-shaped pyrex tube filled with Cd granulates whose diameters were 0.315 and 0.715 ?m; the reduction occured at room temperature. Phosphates were measured using the Murphy and Riley method (1962), modified by Tréguer (1976); The reaction occured at 37°C. Silicates were measured according to the Mullin and Riley technique (1962) revised by Grasshoff (1983) and Treguer (1976); the reaction occured at 37°C. Samples were collected in 125 ml prolypropylene flasks after three rinsings. Analyses were performed immediately after the sampling of the water. Replicate samples were taken at all the stations The difference between the two measurements are shown in Table 4. Standard solutions were prepared by diluting NO3, PO4 and SiO2 standards with surface seawater collected near la Réunion island, filtered on 0.45 ?m filter and stored at room temperature. NO3 standard was a 5000 ?mol/kg KNO3 solution PO4 standard was a 500 ?mol/kg KH2PO4 solution SiO2 standard was a 17000 ?mol/kg Na2SiO3 solution. Concentrations of standard solutions (mmol/litre): Sdt 0 Sdt 1 Sdt 2 Sdt 3 Sdt4 NO3 0 5 10 20 30 PO4 0 0.5 1 2 3 SiO2 0 34 85 136 170 Wavelength for NO3 : 540 nm PO4 : 880 nm SiO2 : 660 nm length of the cell for NO3 : 1.5 / 50 mm PO4 : 2 / 50 mm SiO2 : 1.5 / 1.5 mm - CFC-11 and CFC-12 ( by B. Schauer): The measurement of CFC-11 (trichlorofluoromethane) and CFC-12 (dichloro- difluoromethane) were performed by a Shimadzu GC8A electron -capture gas chromatograph, according to the method described by Bullister and Weiss (1988); The peacks were integrated using a Spectra Physics SP4920 integrator during the measurements; they will be checked in a shore-based laboratory using the Winner programme. Seawater was collected in 100 ml glass syringes, with a metal tap, directly on the Niskin bottles when the rosette arrived on the deck. The Niskin bottles were previously cleaned with Decon detergent and the O-rings and taps were cleaned and put in an oven under low pressure at 60°C during 24H. The syringes were stored in an open tank where a flow of surface water was continuously running. All the measurements were done in the 5 hours following the samplings. The ECD detector signal was calibated at each station with an air from Kerguelen Island,whose CFC-11 and CFC-12 concentrations (close to the ones in seawater) were previously calibrated relatively to SIO standards with a precision of 0.5% for both the CFC. The precision of the method was tested at station 12 and duplicate samples were collected at all the stations. the results of these measurements are shown in Table 3 and Table 4 respectively. At station 12, measurements were made on 9 Niskin bottles; the precision were 0.4% for CFC-11 and 1.1% for CFC-12, including the blank correction which was not taken into account for all these preliminary data. The signals were checked using Winner program in a base laboratory after the cruise. TABLE 3: Replicate measurement of CFC-11 and CFC-12 in surface water at station 12. depth (m) CFC-11 (?mol/kg) CFC-12 (?mol/kg) 10 7,297 3,075 10 7,367 3,030 10 7,334 3,027 10 7,375 3,002 10 7,386 3,079 10 7,359 3,022 10 7,369 3,010 10 7,360 3,002 10 7,353 2,977 mean 7,356 3,025 std dev 0,36% 1,11% - Total Alkalinity, TA p and Total Inorganic Carbon, TCO2 p (by C. Brunet): Samples were collected in 500 ml pyrex flasks with a screw stopper; the flask was rinced twice with seawater and filled in order to overflow twice its volume. A potentiometric titration derived from the method developped by Edmond (1970) was used to estimate Total Inorganic Carbon (TCO2 p) and Total Alkalinity (TA p). The titration system was composed of a Radiometer ABU 80 burette, a Radiometer PHM80 pHmeter and a PC/AT Tandon micro-computer to drive the burette and record the data. The titration curve was used as recommended in the US Department of Energy report (DOE, 1991) to determine TCO2 and TA. The acid (HCl, 0.1N) used for the titration was calibrate once or twice a day with the Reference Material prepared by A. Dickson from Scripps Institution for the JGOFS programme. The measurements were made between 12 and 48H after the sampling. To test the precision of the method, replicate samples were taken at all the stations The difference between the two measurements are shown in Table 4. Another way to estimate the precision of the measurements is to calculate the regression curve of TCO2 versus potential temperature in deep water. the calculation was made on the 460 samples whose temperature is between -0.8°C and 0.4°C; 14 data of TA and 22 of TCO2 were rejected because very far from the regression curve. This is possibly due to bad samplings or any problem during the titration. The standard deviation was 2.4?eq./kg for TA and 3.7 ?mole/kg for TCO2. - Total Inorganic Carbon,TCO2 c (by B. Schauer): Samples were collected in 500 ml pyrex flasks with a screw stopper; the flask was rinced twice with seawater and filled in order to overflow twice its volume. A coulometric titration described by Johnson et al (19) was used with a 5011 UIC Coulometrics coulometer. Phosphoric acid was used for the titration and nitrogen for the bubling in the stripper. A micro-computer drive the coulometer and the device used for the titration. The calibration of the method was made using sodium carbonate solutions prepared under nitrogen atmosphere whose concentrations were between 0 and 2200 mmole/kg. To test the precision of the method, replicate samples were taken at all the stations The difference between the two measurements are shown in Table 4. - CTD : The pressure and temperature sensors of the CTD probe were calibrated at the IFREMER standard laboratory in Brest before the cruise. As the CTD was used also by the cruise following CIVA-1 (ANTARES-1) on board the Marion Dufresne, the probe was calibrated a second time in the same laboratory after the cruise Conductivity and oxygen sensors were calibrated using salinity and oxygen concentrations measured on the Niskin bottles of the rosette. TABLE 2: Cruise participants ______________________________________________________________ Name Responsability Affiliation ______________________________________________________________ POISSON Alain Chief Scientist LPCM/UPMC CHARRIAUD Edwige CTD, XBT LOP/MNHN BOUFFARD Brice CTD, Salinity LODYC/UPMC KESTENARE Elodie CTD LODYC/UPMC DOUCELANCE Régis Sampling LODYC/UPMC SARAGONI Gilles Sampling LODYC/UPMC LACAZE Thomas Sampling LODYC/UPMC NIZARD Gaëlle Salinity, Oxygen LPCM/UPMC HUCK Thierry CTD, Salinity LPO/UBO LOUANCHI Ferial Data managing LPCM/UPMC BROTONS Pascal Oxygen LPCM/UPMC MANGALO Raymond Oxygen LPCM/UPMC LEROUX M-Madeleine Oxygen LPCM/UPMC SCHAUER Bernard CFCs LPCM/UPMC REVERT Ludovic CFCs LPCM/UPMC THOMAS Fabienne CFCs LPCM/UPMC ESCALIER Jocelyne Nutrients GRGS/CNES LEMOINE Jean-Michel Nutrients GRGS/CNES SARTHOU Géraldine Nutrients GRGS/CNES BOURGOIN Pascal TCO2/coulometry LPCM/UPMC CLAVEL Olivier TCO2/coulometry LPCM/UPMC RAILLON Raphaële TCO2/coulometry LPCM/UPMC BRUNET Christian AT+TCO2/potentiometry LPCM/UPMC CABON Suzane AT+TCO2/potentiometry LPCM/UPMC MAURICE Laurence AT+TCO2/potentiometry LPCM/UPMC BLANC Christine pCO2 LPCM/UPMC YIOU Pascal C14+He/Tritium LMCE/CEA PICOT Gabriel Sampling LPCM/UPMC LAGARDE Jean-Philippe Sampling LPCM/UPMC MORTIER Laurent Sampling LPCM/UPMC OLLIVIER Bernard Hardware, electronics IFRTP BOUCHARD Olivier Software IFRTP KLEIN Christophe Electronics IFRTP ______________________________________________________________ TABLE 4: Differences of replicate measurements. STN uncorrected SALNTY OXYGEN SILICAT NITRAT PHSPHT CFC-11 CFC-12 TA TCO2 p TCO2 c NBR depth (m) PSS-78 µMOL/KG µMOL/K G µMOL/K G µMOL/K G pMOL/K G pMOL/K G mEQ/KG mMOL/K G mMOL/K G 2 250 0,000 0,2 4,63 0,07 0,04 0,001 0,016 0,001 0,004 0,008 3 255 0,000 0,76 0,14 0,02 0,059 0,001 0,001 3 1255 0,000 1,9 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,004 0,009 0,008 0,002 0,008 4 250 0,002 0,5 0,00 0,14 0,12 0,028 0,009 0,059 0,055 0,017 4 2177 0,000 0,2 0,00 0,14 0,02 0,393 0,028 0,000 0,005 0,003 5 250 0,002 0,5 0,00 0,00 0,05 0,056 0,036 0,001 0,010 0,001 5 3055 0,005 2,1 1,67 0,29 0,03 0,008 0,005 0,000 0,010 0,003 6 250 0,002 1,1 0,84 0,00 0,00 0,011 0,006 0,006 0,011 0,002 7 250 0,002 0,3 1,64 0,17 0,01 0,041 0,009 0,014 0,018 0,001 7 1600 0,002 1,5 0,82 0,00 0,03 0,000 0,011 0,001 8 250 0,004 0,2 0,81 0,00 0,00 0,013 0,008 0,004 0,005 0,000 8 1300 0,001 0,2 1,56 0,00 0,00 0,015 0,012 0,003 0,008 0,003 8 3987 0,001 0,4 1,55 0,00 0,01 0,035 0,008 0,012 0,001 0,001 9 250 0,003 0,8 0,00 0,00 0,05 0,070 0,023 0,003 0,001 0,000 9 1600 0,002 0,0 0,80 0,15 0,00 0,045 0,038 0,007 0,006 0,005 10 250 0,000 0,8 0,00 0,13 0,09 0,034 0,010 0,000 0,007 0,002 10 1350 0,001 1,5 0,81 0,13 0,01 0,006 0,002 0,004 10 4000 0,004 2,3 0,80 0,06 0,02 0,214 0,077 0,004 0,018 0,001 11 1600 0,000 0,2 0,00 0,13 0,02 0,001 0,002 0,004 0,005 0,001 12 250 0,004 1,1 0,00 1,41 0,02 0,066 0,015 0,000 0,007 0,009 12 1350 0,001 0,3 2,46 0,16 0,00 0,005 0,003 0,003 0,006 0,003 12 3000 0,001 0,1 0,00 0,00 0,02 0,009 0,011 0,009 0,009 0,000 13 250 0,001 1,1 0,92 0,16 0,00 0,008 0,026 0,002 13 1600 0,000 0,2 1,38 0,08 0,02 0,000 0,007 0,012 0,003 13 4000 0,002 2,8 2,20 0,23 0,19 0,017 0,014 0,007 0,007 0,003 14 250 0,000 0,1 0,00 0,00 0,03 0,031 0,009 0,000 0,002 0,001 14 1350 0,000 0,8 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,005 0,021 0,002 0,002 0,001 14 4000 0,002 1,8 7,67 0,00 0,02 0,178 0,080 0,001 0,018 0,001 15 250 0,000 0,5 0,00 0,00 0,02 0,005 0,004 0,001 0,002 0,003 15 1600 0,002 0,2 0,84 0,00 0,00 0,009 0,010 0,001 0,003 0,002 16 250 0,001 0,0 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,017 0,010 0,001 0,001 0,005 16 1350 0,000 3,1 0,42 0,00 0,02 0,024 0,013 0,000 0,004 16 4000 0,000 0,4 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,003 0,002 0,014 0,012 17 250 0,000 0,7 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,006 0,007 0,002 17 1600 0,000 0,1 0,85 0,09 0,00 0,001 0,001 0,003 0,004 0,004 18 250 0,000 0,1 2,17 0,00 0,01 0,002 0,032 0,003 0,000 0,002 18 1350 0,001 0,1 1,73 0,00 0,01 0,012 0,020 0,001 0,005 0,003 18 4000 0,001 0,3 1,73 0,00 0,01 0,114 0,042 0,012 0,001 0,001 19 250 0,001 0,8 0,41 0,00 0,03 0,019 0,027 0,001 0,001 0,001 19 1600 0,002 0,3 0,83 0,08 0,04 0,035 0,020 0,003 0,033 0,005 20 250 0,003 0,7 0,81 0,15 0,03 0,001 0,010 0,000 0,000 0,001 20 1350 0,000 0,4 0,00 0,08 0,02 0,000 0,005 0,001 0,007 0,006 20 4000 0,000 0,5 0,82 0,15 0,02 0,006 0,019 0,000 0,001 0,025 21 250 0,002 0,4 0,82 0,23 0,02 0,064 0,012 0,001 21 1600 0,007 0,1 0,82 0,07 0,02 0,000 0,000 0,002 0,001 0,003 22 250 0,001 0,2 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,035 0,024 0,002 0,005 0,002 22 1350 0,000 0,6 0,84 0,07 0,01 0,041 0,033 0,001 0,001 0,001 23 250 0,002 0,2 0,41 0,00 0,01 0,006 0,010 0,003 0,001 0,000 23 1600 0,001 0,7 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,008 0,007 0,001 0,004 0,045 24 250 0,011 2,4 2,08 0,16 0,02 0,123 0,062 0,001 24 1350 0,000 0,5 0,41 0,00 0,02 0,029 0,005 0,005 0,001 0,003 25 250 0,006 0,00 0,00 0,01 0,062 0,021 0,000 0,004 0,000 25 1600 0,000 0,2 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,004 0,004 0,000 0,006 0,002 26 250 0,000 0,7 0,00 0,08 0,01 0,006 0,002 0,001 0,002 0,004 26 1350 0,002 0,1 0,42 0,00 0,01 0,016 0,034 0,004 0,003 0,003 27 250 0,000 1,1 0,00 0,08 0,00 0,091 0,001 0,002 0,000 0,006 27 1600 0,001 0,3 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,007 0,014 0,000 0,001 0,014 28 250 0,002 1,2 0,00 0,00 0,01 0,032 0,042 0,002 0,002 0,033 28 1350 0,000 0,7 0,43 0,00 0,03 0,030 0,054 0,004 0,002 0,001 29 250 2,82 0,40 0,05 0,558 0,264 0,003 0,002 0,007 29 1600 0,001 0,2 0,00 0,00 0,02 0,005 0,031 0,004 0,003 0,003 30 250 0,002 0,6 0,00 0,08 0,00 0,061 0,013 0,001 0,000 0,003 30 4000 0,000 0,0 0,90 0,08 0,00 0,006 0,006 0,003 0,004 0,001 31 250 0,001 0,4 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,011 0,018 0,002 0,003 0,003 31 0,000 0,5 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,033 0,000 0,013 0,029 0,011 32 250 0,001 0,1 0,00 0,00 0,01 0,063 0,044 0,001 0,008 0,002 32 1350 0,001 1,2 0,42 0,07 0,01 0,048 0,009 0,001 0,003 0,001 32 4000 0,000 0,4 0,84 0,22 0,00 0,006 0,021 0,005 0,002 0,004 33 250 0,000 6,1 0,82 0,39 0,03 0,313 0,052 0,003 0,004 0,002 33 1600 0,000 0,2 0,00 0,00 0,03 0,057 0,059 0,005 0,000 0,009 34 250 0,000 0,0 0,42 0,15 0,00 0,043 0,045 0,003 0,015 0,001 34 1350 0,000 0,1 1,26 0,08 0,02 0,033 0,000 0,001 0,002 0,002 35 250 0,000 0,3 0,00 0,08 0,00 0,043 0,004 0,000 0,001 0,003 35 1600 0,000 0,3 0,44 0,08 0,00 0,013 0,000 0,001 0,002 0,005 36 250 0,010 3,7 1,35 0,33 0,00 0,177 0,085 0,001 0,001 0,003 36 1100 0,000 0,5 0,46 0,08 0,01 0,027 0,103 0,001 0,001 0,002 36 3865 0,000 0,4 0,00 0,08 0,00 0,061 0,083 0,002 0,005 0,003 37 250 0,004 1,4 0,91 0,07 0,01 0,000 0,048 0,000 0,003 0,001 37 1600 0,001 0,1 0,00 0,08 0,02 0,022 0,000 0,006 0,003 0,002 38 250 0,000 0,0 0,45 0,00 0,03 0,055 0,010 0,002 0,002 0,001 38 1350 0,001 0,1 0,00 0,07 0,01 0,012 0,040 0,004 0,000 0,002 39 250 0,000 0,3 0,00 0,23 0,01 0,014 0,052 0,002 0,005 0,001 39 1600 0,000 0,00 0,16 0,01 0,054 0,043 0,008 0,001 0,005 40 250 0,002 0,6 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,003 0,004 0,002 0,001 0,002 40 1350 0,002 0,43 0,00 0,05 0,011 0,010 0,001 0,010 0,002 40 3500 0,001 0,2 0,00 0,07 0,00 0,063 0,015 0,005 0,001 0,020 41 250 0,012 3,3 0,00 0,47 0,03 0,144 0,040 0,003 0,002 0,002 41 1600 0,002 0,4 0,89 0,15 0,02 0,008 0,018 0,007 0,006 0,001 42 250 0,004 0,7 0,45 0,08 0,03 0,016 0,049 0,006 0,002 0,001 42 1350 0,001 0,0 0,00 0,39 0,06 0,007 0,084 0,007 0,003 0,002 43 250 0,005 0,6 0,00 0,00 0,05 0,013 0,010 0,005 0,004 0,001 43 1600 0,001 1,0 0,00 0,30 0,00 0,006 0,029 0,000 0,014 0,007 44 250 0,000 0,42 0,00 0,02 0,011 0,011 0,001 0,003 0,001 44 1000 0,001 0,3 0,00 0,31 0,02 0,021 0,034 0,002 0,000 0,008 45 250 0,003 4,0 0,00 1,68 0,07 0,128 0,133 0,004 45 1600 0,000 0,6 0,00 0,00 0,01 0,029 0,034 0,002 0,003 0,000 46 250 0,007 0,5 0,00 0,22 0,03 0,094 0,065 0,002 0,005 0,006 46 1350 0,004 0,4 0,88 0,56 0,05 0,075 0,071 0,000 0,000 0,002 46 4000 0,000 0,6 0,44 0,07 0,00 0,091 0,052 0,001 0,004 0,001 47 250 0,000 0,5 0,00 0,15 0,03 0,002 0,009 0,002 0,002 0,004 47 1000 0,000 3,3 0,44 0,00 0,01 0,034 0,025 0,001 0,001 0,003 47 1600 0,002 8,4 0,88 0,22 0,00 0,000 0,034 0,002 0,002 0,004 48 250 0,005 0,4 0,00 0,15 0,02 0,014 0,035 0,001 0,003 0,003 48 1350 0,005 0,0 0,00 0,00 0,04 0,006 0,027 0,001 0,005 0,005 49 250 0,001 0,2 0,00 0,07 0,00 0,009 0,028 0,000 0,002 0,000 49 1600 0,005 0,1 0,00 0,15 0,03 0,002 0,056 0,001 0,001 0,006 50 250 0,004 0,0 0,52 0,07 0,01 0,005 0,005 0,001 0,004 0,000 50 1350 0,001 0,2 0,54 1,34 0,02 0,016 0,001 0,001 0,003 0,016 51 250 0,000 0,7 0,49 0,00 0,02 0,000 0,008 0,003 0,001 0,002 51 1350 0,001 0,1 0,52 0,00 0,01 0,059 0,010 0,001 0,004 0,002 52 250 0,000 1,8 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,044 0,047 0,003 0,007 0,003 52 1350 0,002 0,4 0,00 0,37 0,06 0,004 0,007 0,003 0,002 0,004 mean 0,002 0,8 0,59 0,13 0,02 0,043 0,027 0,003 0,005 0,004 sdt dev 0,002 1,2 1,00 0,25 0,03 0,077 0,034 0,006 0,007 0,006